A note on the fractionalization of some european party. Douglas rae, the political consequences of electoral laws new haven, conn yale university press, 1967. The political consequences of electoral laws, 1945. The political consequences of electoral laws rae, douglas w on. Their organization and activity in the modern state new york wiley, 1963. This article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas raes the political consequences of electoral laws 1971 using data from latin a. The political consequences of electoral laws rae, douglas on. Professor banno junji of the university of tokyo institute of social science not only lent me the original copy of his masters thesis on electoral laws and party politics in midmeiji japan, but also drew my attention to minobe tatsukichis 1930 article on a related topic. To begin an examination of the effects of electoral laws on registered voters, we must start with a model of the electorate.
Electoral laws and the japanese party system springerlink. The analysis gives strong support to the hypotheses that political party configurations dominated by a few parties tend to establish majority rule electoral systems, while multiparty systems already existed before the introduction of proportional representation. Riker, duvergers law revisited, in bernard grofman and. The effects and determinants of electoral systems new haven, conn yale university press, 1989. A proportional representation pr system creates electoral conditions that foster the development of many parties, whereas a plurality system marginalizes smaller political parties, generally resulting in a twoparty system. This article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas rae s the political consequences of electoral laws 1971 using data from latin america and the caribbean.
Rae 197 1 the political consequences of electoral laws. He has published widely, including the prizewinning political consequences of electoral laws yale university press, 1967, equalities. Drafting electoral laws is a critical undertaking and should take care to use plain language where possible and avoid conflicting references, usually, major changes to electoral laws cannot be undertaken if the electoral process is about to begin. Perhaps his most seminal work, the political consequences of electoral laws 1967, 2nd ed. The bedrock in which the political consequences of electoral laws are grounded consists of a twofold process, which duverger delineated as two forces working together. Accordingly, i have tried to isolate those relationships between electoral laws and party systems which. Yale university press, 1967 election law 173 pages. This article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas raes the political consequences of electoral laws 1971 using data from latin america and. Douglas rae, the political consequences of electoral laws. Electoral laws and their political consequences representation, vol 1 by bernard grofman, arend lijphart et al. Electoral laws as political consequences explaining. Since these relationships are found in any political system with institutionalized, partisan elections the liberal democraciesthis crossnational strategy seems appropriate. Whilst aiming to explain different causal processes with the former treating electoral systems as an independent and the latter as the dependent variable, the two areas are intimately linked by the way in which electoral system choices are political constructs maintained or changed by democratically elected.
Its parties that choose electoral systems or, duvergers. Constitutional frameworks and democratic consolidation. The political consequences of electoral laws, by douglas w. Kae found electoral laws to have a noticeable impact on the party systems of the european nations he examined. Pol sci 335 comparative political systems spring 2019 online course professor hong min park email. Rae douglas rae, born and educated in the midwest, is a former chairman of yales political science department, and now holds the richard ely chair in the yale school of management. Rae and michael taylor, the analysis of political cleavages. The political consequences of electoral laws, 194585.
The political consequences of electoral laws in latin america. Electoral laws and their political consequences keywords. Rae s the political consequences of electoral laws was published in 1967, it was almost instantly recognized as a great scholarly breakthrough. The aim of this book is to provide an overview of recent research on electoral laws and their political consequences by scholars who have helped shape the field. The political consequences of electoral laws was pub lished in 1967, it was almost instantly rec ognized as a great scholarly breakthrough.
Election laws, disproportionality and median correspondence. However, contrary to lijphart, a positive relationship was found between disproportionality and multipartism for pr systems. Rae, the political consequences of electoral laws, new haven. The mechanical effect of electoral systems describes how the electoral rules constrain.
The politics of electoral systems and its predecessors are particularly helpful in providing and highlighting the details of electoral systems that comparative analyticalstudiesareforced toneglect. The political consequences of electoral laws in latin. A proportional representation pr system creates electoral conditions that foster the development of many parties, whereas a plurality system marginalizes smaller political parties, generally resulting in a. A critique, reanalysis, and update of raes classic study, paper for the world congress of the international political science association washington, d. Such a prohibition aims at preserving political stability and legal certainty. A note on the fractionalization of some european party systems.
Rein taagepera and markku laakso, proportionality profiles of west european electoral systems, european journal of political research, 8. Unknown electoral laws and their political consequences created date. Rae, the political consequences of electoral laws new haven, 1967. The political consequences of electoral laws hardcover january 1, 1967 by douglas rae author 5. Douglas whiting rae born 1939 is a political scientist and richard ely professor of political. He has published widely, including the prizewinning political consequences of electoral laws yale university press, 1967, equalities harvard. Electoral laws and their political consequences, 1986. A second edition was published in 1971, and it has maintained its stellar reputation as the most important book in the field of comparative electoral systems ever since. The need to modify duvergers law to allow for differing patterns of two. These rules govern all aspects of the voting process. Yale university press, 1967 feel free to contribute with a summary under comments. Election laws, disproportionality and median correspondence 385 as such would therefore be inappropriate for normative evaluations of electoral systems from a majoritarian point of view. In preparing this chapter i received generous assistance particularly from two colleagues.
This article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas raes k. Lindberg department of political science, lund university, po box 52, lund 221 00, sweden abstract based on an original data set of elections in africa, this article addresses the orthodoxy of theoretical hypotheses regarding the e. The politics of electoral systems, including, notably, nonwest european countries such as russia, hungary, india, south africa, and chile. The polemicists for proportional representation at organizations like fair vote ontario. Electoral laws as political consequences explaining the. Rae, the political consequences of electoral laws, 2d ed. The findings of this study concur with much of lijpharts analysis. The impact of raes work on the way in which electoral systems are now studied is clear. The political consequences of electoral laws new haven, conn. However in the political consecccs of electoral laws. The political consequences of electoral laws douglas w. Arend lijphart, electoral systems and party systems g. An electoral system or voting system is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise cambridge core to connect with your account.
First, we investigate the causal connection between electoral law and disproportionality, taking particular. After several decades of virtual neglect except for douglas raes seminal work, the comparative study of electoral systems is undergoing a lively revival. The political consequences of electoral laws in latin america and. Raes the political consequences of electoral laws was published in 1967, it was almost instantly recognized as a great scholarly breakthrough. This article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas raes the political consequences of electoral laws 1971 using data from latin america and the caribbean. A systematic analysis of the relationships between the main electoral system variables electoral formula, district magnitude, and ballot structure and electoral outcomes the degrees of disproportionality and multipartism in the 20 western democracies from 1945 to 1985representing 32 distinct electoral systems an electoral system being defined as a set of elections held under basically. The politics of electoral systems semantic scholar. This study analyzes relationships between electoral laws and political party systems on a crossnational scale.
Rae has sought to test the traditional hypotheses about electoral systems with voting data from post. Douglas rae in the 1960s produced the following findings. Berinsky massachusetts institute of technology a number of electoral reforms have been enacted in the united states in the past three decades. Electoral law politics in west germany, political studies. A similar pattern of competition between two locally strong parties, which might be different parties in different parts of the country, persists. Rae, the political consequences of electoral laws, new haven 1971. The political consequences of electoral laws in latin america and the caribbean this article revisits arend lijpharts 1990 reanalysis of douglas raes k. Duvergers law draws from a model of causality from the electoral system to a party system.
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